ZOMINAMTE' PIANKHIATNA THU

Zomi tawh Kisai Tangthu Theihhuai Pawlkhat
                                                                                   Agelh a Kaikhawm:Kh Siam


Zomi

Pupi"Zo"ii suan leh khak khempeuh Zomi ahi hi.Pupi pen Noah suan,Shem,Ham,Japhet-te lak pan in Japhet suan hi dingin ki um mawh hi.Sengam ah Ukpi(dynasty) ahunhun in ki laih hi.(22015-1766 BC Xia dynasty)Xia kumpi ukna hun hi-in,(1766-1122 Shang dynasty)Shang kumpi ukna hun hi a,(1123-256 BC Zhou or Zo dynasty)Zo ukna hun ahi hi.

Shang ukpipa in khua kimah hausa upa koih lo ahihman in,Zomite in baihtakin a ukna sutkhia zo hi,kici hi.Zo ukna hun ciangin,khua kimah upa,hausa koih ahihman in Sengam ah Zo uk hun sungpen asawtpen hun suak hi.Hih Zo uk hun sungin mipil(philosopher)khankhiat hun hi-in,hih hun a mipil minthang philosopher ahi,Confucias(Kung-fu-tze,511-475 BC)in,hunsung tengin innkuan nuntak,beh leh phung kizop zia leh sahawm zia cihte akipan hilhin sinsak a,tua ahilh ziate tu dongin,Sente in zangh lai-in,Zomite in zongh zangh uh hi.Zomi i cih ciangin,leitung bup a om Pupi Zo suan khempeuh kihel in,Zogam Zo leitang pen kumpi te'n Chin-State ci a hong ciapteh sak na gam huam teng ahi hi.


Chin mi

Zo kumpite' in a uk lai-un Segam khen sagih in kikhen hi.Tuate in Han,Chou,Wei,Chow,Yeu,Chi leh Chin ahi hi.Hih gamte Zo kumpi in uk-insiah(tax)tam la lua ahih manin,mite lungkimlo hi.Chin mite makai Yen Cheng a kici  mi thahat khat hong khangin,hipa in(230 BC pawl in)gamkhat khit gmakhat simin zo a,221 BC ciangin tua gam sagih teng a uk khin hi.Yen Cheng in a kumpi gam mi((Chin  Shi Huang Ti)a phuak hi."Chin"kham cihna hi a,"Shi" cipen a masa pen ahih kei leh a khatna cihna hi a,"Huang Ti"cihpen milian cihna hi.Tua hi a,Milian masa khamkumpi cihna ahi hi.Hih hun pen a masa pen Chin kumpi hun ahi hi.hih Chin mite in tu dongin Sengam ah tengin,Uk suak uh hi.hih a makai pa pen Yen Cheng in  256-206 BC sungteng uk hi.Tua khit ciangin Sen kumpi ki zomtoto a,tu dongin ki zom suak hi.

Sen i cih kamaml pen,Sente min bulpi"Chine"-"Chin-qin"pan a hong kipan khia ahi hi.(Zaide 42)Tua mite ukna  zabi 20 dong kizomsuak hi(Perry 250 Pa.)Hih laibute tungtawnin ih et ciangin,"Chin"a kici Sen mite tu dong Sengamah teng suak uh a,mundang koimah ah paikhialo uh hi.Tua kumpu ukna a kipat tung vua kipan kulhpi(Great Wall)lam kipan uh hi.Tua kulhpi tai 1500 sau in,tu dongin thupi kisa mahmah hi.Shanyong kici Upadi khauhtak bawlin,thu zuilo mite thongah khum uh hi.


Zomite Kawlgam Sung Lutna

Chin ukna hun sungin Kulhpi(Great Wall)ciang dingin mi khempeuh na semsak in,nek leh dawn thaman kicain pialo ahihman in,mi tampi tak Sengam panin taikhia uh hi.Tuate sungah a dang enlo in,Kawlgam a suan teng en pak le hang,Kawlgam ah Karen te na lut masa uh hi.Tua khitteh "Chin"kici Sente pawlkhat,tua teh Kawl mi,Zomi leh Kachin mite a hi uh hi.

Karen te Kawlgam taw lamah tenggin,Kawlmite Kawlgam laizangh Mandaly kim tengah teng uh a,hih Chin a kici Sen minamte Kawl te tawh tengg khawmin Kawl mi suak uh hi.Zomite Kawlgam a lut un Zo gunpi(Tuikang)dung zui suk uh a,Mandaly a tun uh ciangin,Kawlte in Chin mite sa uh a,Sengam pan in kulh ciang nuamlo,a taikhia te Chin ukpipa in hong delh  sak kik hikha ding hi,ci-in lau mahmah uh hi.Zomite' pen Chin a hihloh lam a theih uh ciangin,Mandaly kulh ciang dingin zawn uh a,Kawlte in kua minam cih tello uh ahihman in,Chin te ci suak uh hi.Kulh ciang a,sila nasep ding utlo uh ahihman in,Kawlgam laizang pan in nitum na lam manawh in peemkhia uh a,pawlkhat gunkhawm dung zui-in,paito suak uh a,kachin mite a tuaksuk tawh kituak in,Kachin te zong Kulh ciang ding utlo ahihman in,kilhe kik in ki masuan to uh a,Kachin gamtengah teng suak uh hi.


Kawlgam Laizang Kuampan Zomite Tangthu Pawlkhat

Zomite pen kawlgam laizang tengah tawlpi khat mah Kawlte tawh na teng khawm uh a,hi hun in Mon,Pyu,Kanyan leh Thet minamte tenggkhawm uh hi,kici hi.Pyu pan in Kawl minam piangin,Kanyan pan in Rakhaing,Thet pan in Chin minam piang hi ci-in,tangthu kan pawlkhatte in ciamteh uh hi.Hih hun pekin midangte' in,Zomite pen Chin ci uh a,tu in kum 800 bang val khinta hi.Ahizong in amu leh mau tu dongin, Chin kici ngeilo uh hi.Pagam khuapi zongh Zomite pau"Pugam"cih panin pai hi,kici hi.Popa tawngkalat(volcanic neck)zong Tazahgam mual/tong ahih kei leh Pupa mual/tong kici hi.Gamtong ih cih ciangin,gam sungah khaniin te mihing pau bangin,tong/pau in a gamlum theihna mun ahi hi.Tua bek hilo in Kawlte in a sum uh Dengga a cih uh zongh,Zokam a Dangka a cih pan apai hizaw hi,ki ci hi.Pagan khuapi phuh hun pen AD 1044-1287 kimpawl hi-in,tua mun a mualsuangte ah Zomite Zhin mah in ki ciamteh hi.Dahpa tangthu zongh,hi mun pan piang hi,ki ci hi.Pagan Popa pan in nitumna sak lam zuan in paikhia uh a,Sagaing gam kim tengah,sawt sim mah khawl in tua mun pan in,"Lengtong Hoih'tangthu piang hi,kici hi.hih Sagaing leh Ava kikal Sibani khua nai tengah Zomite tawh kisai inn mun logam vazat lui(Ancient relics)tu dongin tampi tak kikan thei lai hi,(ci-in Tedim sangpi  Golden Jubilee Magazine,laimai 204 na ah,Ngulh Khaw Sun in gelh hi.)

Hih apaito suaklo Zomite Mungzua(Monywa)leh Gunkhawm(Kalewa)kikal tengah tenggin,"Khawhkhen"na ci uh hi.Tua mun pan Gunkhawm kantan in pai uh a,tu laitak a(Kalay Valley leh Kabaw Valley)tengah na tung uh a,Kawlzang(Khawlzang?)na ci uh hi.Hih Khawlzang a luthun pen,AD 800 kimpawl hita hi(ci-in Tedim Sangpi Golden Jubilee magazine,laimai-322 na ah,Dr.Khen Za Sian in gelh hi.) Zomite pen Gunkhawm gundung teng leh Kawlzang kilak kuam tengah teng masa ahihman in,Kawlte in amau ciaptehna Chin min puasakin Zomite' ten na gam sung a om,Gun cih na in Chin-dwin/csf:wGif:na ci uh a,Zo gunpi a cihna ahi hi.


Bang Hang Zomite Chin kici?

Kawlte in Sengam a-Chin Mite Sa

Chin i cih te pen tu dongin,Sengamah teng uh a,Zomi hilo uh hi.Zo cih pen a min diktaktak ahi hi.Chin min a puakna uh pen,Kawlgam laizang a tun uh ciangin,Kawlte in,amaute Sengam panin a nawtkhia te sa uh a hihman in,"Chin ten ong delh uh"ci-in na lau mahmah uh hi.Tua pan in Chin a kici suak a hi hi.Tu dongn Zomi sangin Chin in ki ciamteh zaw hi.

Chin kici pen kawlkam,"Tu-nge-chin"pan paisuak

Proffessor Luce in,Chin kici kammal pen Kawlte in lawm a cihna(Tu-Nge-Chin)pan hong piang hi,ci hi.(Ref.Chin Hills Linguistic Tour,Laibu,laimai -26.)


Chin pen "Cin Hil"pan kizomsuak

Zo khang kante in i pupi  Zo hi a,tapa nih nei-in Kip Mang leh anau Cin Hil,ci uh hi.Tua ahihman in Sangmang J.H.Cope in Zomite Chin a kicih pen a pu uh Cin Hil hi a,Mikang khan ciangin Chin Hills ci-in a gam min in a koih hi,cih thu Khamtung thukizakna a bawlna sungah gelh hi.

Chin pen Kawlkam hi a Bawm, cihna hi.

Dr.Lehman in,Chin cih pen Kawlpau hi a,"Bawm"cihna hi.Kawlgam laizang ah a om lai-in,bawm in van kipua ahihman in,Kawlte in"Hei!Bawm pua pa"cih a sapna pan ki zomsuak hi,ci hi.


Yin,Yen pan Chin min piang hi.

Zogam a om Zomite thu agelh Carey leh Tuck in Zomite,Chin a kicih pen Senpau in Mihing/pasal cihna a hi,Jin/Jen kici kammal te pan piang hi ding hi,ci uh hi.


Bang Hang Zomite Chin ong kic Thukupna

Hih a tung a namli te sungpan in,amasa pen  mah maanpen ding hi.Bangbang ahi zonghin Chin pen Zomi nam hilo hi,cih kitel mahmah hi.Pawlkhatte in Sengam(Chin dynasty)Chin ukpi suante hi hang ci-in tangthu gelh om napi-in,agelhte na lengin Chim mi ka hi uh hi,a ci khat beek omlo hi.Chin pen ih pupi uh min hi leh Zomite sungah nam khat beek in Chin minam ka hi uh hi,ci leh kilawm hi.Chin,minam a ckici kua mah omlo hi.Tua hi a Zomi pen minam min maantaktak a hina thu ki tel mahmah hi.

Tedim gam khanthu kan Kawmiti in CHIN leh ZO thu a thukzaw a,a kantel khit uh ciangin,ZO hihang,cihna in a zawh khit banah,leitung pilna sang nei tampi mah in ZOMI na hi uh hi,hong cihna thukho,thupi cing hi ci-in ki sanga,ZO hina thu ka kipsak zaw sem uh hi,ci-in(Gamngai Magazine,Laimai 229 ah)KhuadaiteDr.Ps Kham Do Nang in gelh hi.

Ciimnuai Mi

Ciimnuai cih Zomite Zogam sung a lutciangin,a tuan masak na mun min ahi hi.Ciimnuai mi i cih ciangin,Ciimnuai pan in a peemkhiate' suan leh khak khempeuh huam a,Ciimnuai mi,Ciimnuai vontawite a hi uh hi.Zomi a kici khempeuh Ciimnuai mi hi khin lo hi.Kawlzang pan Khamtunggam zuanin Zomite a pai uh ciangin,tonkhawm nawnlo in,ki khen thang uh a,pawlkhatin Zogun dung zuito uh hi.Tuate in Locom lam zuanin pai uh a,Lailun Khul ah teng uh hi.Tua pan gam hoih zuanin,kikhen leuleu uh a,Falam,Hakha,Matupi leh Thantlang gamtengah teng uh hi.Pawlkhatte' Zogam leitaw lam zuanin paisuk lai uh a,Paletwa.Kanpalet dongah teng uh hi.Hih "Lailunkhul" a tung masa te in,a luzang  ah tuktum uh a hihman in,lusuangte kici a,a tun masak min pua in,amau leh amau"Lai-mi"kici uh hi.Hih Lailun Khul pen,Falam khua gei Sunthla khua taw lam teng ahi hi.

Pawlkhatte in Tuikang gundung nitumna lam zui-in,Tuingo lui aphak uh ciangin,Tuingo dung zui uh hi.Zangpi tam a tun uh ciangin,Ngatan dung zui-in Ciimnuai khul ah tung uh hi.Adang pawlkhat te thuamvum panin nitum na lamah tuaksuk in Sialtang zui-in kahto uh a,Ciimnuai khul mah tung uh hi.Hih Ciimnuai a tung masa Zomite deklam tuktum pawl hi a,Ciimnuai vontawi a hih kei leh ZO minpua in ZOMI a kici ngiat te ahi uh hi.

hih Ciimnuai kici mun pen Tedim pan Saizang lam zuan in paileng,Saizang khua tun ma deuh,mual ki dawh iuh-euhna mun nuai deuh,mualnuai dang teng ahi hi.Tua mun teng Sihzangte in Eden huan,mihing piankhiatna bangin,ngaihsun uh hi,ci-in,Carey Tuck in"The Chin Hills"laibu sungah gelh hi,kici hi.

Ciimnua Pan Mun Tuamtuam ah

Tualgal tuamtuam hang leh nuntak nopzawkna ding zongin,Zomite ciau-gal kai-in,pawlkhat Bangladesh gamdong tung uh hi.Pawlkhatte' in paipai in,sau pai lua uh ahihman in,amin uh mangngilh in "Paite"na kici uh hi.Tua mite Manipur,Lamka kim tengha tam teng pen uh hi.Tua bang a paito pawlkhatte in,amau phung min kengin, Thahdote na kici uh a,Manipur gam sung mah ah tam teng pen uh hi.Ciau gal a kai te a tam pen Mizo in na kilo uh hi.Bangbangin a kilo zongh in,Ciimnuai pan in a peemkhia khempeuh ZOMI,Ciimnuai vontawi,unau sanggam laizom khat ahi hi.

Ciimnuai pan peemkhia unau laizom khat tektek,banghangin pau leh ham kibanglo hiam cih thu,minam ki khen zia tawm kikum suk dih ni.

Mel leh sa,gamtat zia ut dan a kibat loh pen,lamdangsak ding hilo hi.Lai Siangtho sungah Kain leh Abel te zongh,numei masa pen Eve sungpan suak tektek,gamtatzia a utdan ki lamdang pah lian hi.Esau leh Jacob te unau a peeng hinapi'n,a vun uh a ham leh a nel in ki lamdang hi.Tulaitak leitung mi khempeuh Noah suan vive  hinapi in,Pasian in Babel tausang a lam na hangin,mi khempeuh pau kitukalh sa hi,cih ih theihsa ahi hi.Tua hangin leitung ah kampau nam a tul a sim in,ki lamdang hi.Zomite zongh Ciimnuai ciangah kampau ki bang lai hina pi-in,a kikhen ciang un mun leh gam zui-in,a aw-kawih leh kammal pawlkhat kilamdang hi.Tuate pawlkhat atom in en pak leng:

1.Zote i cih"ii-aw"kammal a zangh pawl:Zo cih pen Zomi khempeuh in mun,mualdawn lam genna-a a zat kammal ahi hi.Simlam cih ciangin,lui tawh a ki nai na lam,tui taw lam genna hi a,ni sa in khua lum hi.Zo lam pen khua vot hi.Ciimnuai pan kimkhat Balzang ah tengto uh a,tua hun lai-in Tedim gamsung khua om khempeuh lakah avot pen na mun ahih manin,a dang tengin  Zo lam tengte a cih na un Zote na ci uh a,tuate suan leh khakteng Zote kici suak hi.Pawlkhatte in Zomite pupi Zo i suan leh khak deuh dingin,ngaihsun khial kha uh hi(ci-inRev.G.K.Dal in Tedim BEHS No.1 Golden Jubilee Magazine,laimai 309 na ah gelh hi.)

Zomite pupi Zo khang pen 1123-256 BC hun lai pek hi-in,hih minam neu tuamtuam a,a kikhen pen Zomite Ciimnuai a tunkhit,AD 1500 khit ciang hipan hi.Tua ahihman in ko pupi Zo tawh khanggui kizom deuh ung,a ci thei ding kuamah omlo ahihman in,Ciimnuai panin a peemkhia khempeuh laigui khat ahi hi.Tu a Zo kampau deuh te a pupi uh pen Suan Tak ahi hi.Pu Za Hung in tapa nih(Sek Tak leh Suan Tak)nei in,Pu Sek Tak tapa Thando hi a,Pu Suan Tak sungpanSihzang leh Zote khempeuh banah,Pu Suan Tak  suan mitampi,Thahdo te sungah om ahih man un,Thahdo,Zote,leh Sihzang te Unau phungsung khat ahi uh hi(ci-in Dr.Ps Kham Do Nang in 21st Thanksgiving Magazine,laimai 233 na ah gelh hi.)

2.Teizang kampau pawl:Pawi gal(vVaipi gal)a tun ciangin,Ciinuai pan Luikha khuasat uh a,Luika khua a sim Gulpi in vok,ui leh naupang peuh ne zel ahihman in,tua gulpi a thah uh ciangin,Luika khua kicim gawp a,tua mun panin Teising honkhat apona  leizang mun khat ah ki suan uh ahihman in"Teizangte"kici hi.Tua mun pen tulaitak a Mualbem khuataw teng ahi hi.Hih khua a sat hun pen AD 1500-1600 khawng teng hi dingin ki um mawh hi.Penglam zongh Teizang pau in,ki pau sak hi,ci-in,Dr.Ps Kham Do Nang in(Gamngai Magazine laimai 231)ah gelh hi.Hih Teizang khua pana sawtlei lo in Mualbem khuasat in ki tuah leuleu uh a,Mualbem khua pen Sukte khuapi,ci-in ki ciamteh hi.Hih khuapanin Zomi mipil milian tampi piang khia hi.1892 kum in Tonzang ukpi Hau Cin Khup(Ukpi a suah)ma,Teizang pau a siam na dingin,Mualbeem khua ah kikoih hi,kici hi.

3.Saizang kampau pawl:Ciimnuai khua pan saigam(gamsai)tam mahmahna luita dung mun khat ah a teng phei pawl teng,"Saizang"te kici pah hi.Nam min hilo in khua min hizaw hi.

4.Sihzang kampau pawl:Saizang khua,tulaitak a khuataw lam nek pian ah tui limci mahmah Sihtui khuk khat om a,tua kim a tengg teng zong,"Sihzangte"mah kici leuleu hi.

5.Vangteh kampau pawl:Mangkang Galkap General Founce leh Major Raike makai-in 1889 March  09 ni-in,Siallum Kluh pi sim gawp uh hi.Tua ni mah in Vangteh khua mi khat in innlam in,inn vang a teh laitak,Mangkangte' in Mangpau tawh,na khua min uh bang ahia?a cih leh nasep a dongsa in,"inn vang ka teh" a cih leh Mangkang pa in a dalzazi bu sungah"Vangkateh"ci-in ciamteh pah hi.

6.Diim kampau pawl:Tu laitak a Diimpi khuataw tengah AD 1500 kum kim pawlin,cikdumpi buan leh tui a kidim khat om a,tua pen a tomin Diim ci uh a,tua lai a teng mite Diimte kici suak hi.Hih munteng pen a minthang ngei khat ahi hi.Tua kimteng ah"Keei tui"kici,dawn kha leng sahang nam a ki suak thei,tui khuk khat zong om in tua tui pen,Mangkang te hong khan ciangin,lei vuk cip uh hi,kici hi.

7.Khuano kampau pawl:Teizangte Hau Cin Khup in apa no Do Thawng nek dingin,siah kaih na ding khua kimkhat pia hi.Do Thawngin  Khual a zin ding sial in,a gamh luah ding pa Pau Khua Mang in,kaw pai ding a ci-in a dot sialin"Khuano kual ah"ci den ahihman in,tua kim teng Khuano kual kicisuak hi.Tua khuate pen Dimpi,Dimlo,Suangpi,Phunom,Thangnuai,TaakKhawl,cih bang...Khua sawm leh thum pha uh hi.

8.Tedim kampau pawl:1857 kum in Lushei gal leh Meitei gal a ven ciangin,Tedim khuapi ah Zo,Vaiphei,Teizang,Diim,Thahdo,Gangte,Sihzang,......kiptak in tengkhawm uh a,inn 300 val bang aphak uh ciangin,ki-ukna zongh haksa pian cipcip a hihman in tua teng ki gawm in,Khua laizang lamdung-a khangnote' in a zat uh kampau(kihel zau)pen,1860 kum ciangin,KamHau Thukhun(Regulation)27 teng leh Tedim kam,ci-in kipsak uh hi.Tua a kihel zau kampau a zangteng Tedim kampau ci uh a,1919 kum ciangin J.H.Cope topa in,Zolai Sim Bu abawlsak ciangin,hih Tedim uksunga kam tuamtuam apau khua khempeuh tawh thukimna om bangin.Tedim kam in bawl a,Khua nung ciangin,T-Tedim pau eima pau' ci-in Zolai sinna in ki nei hi.


Thukhupna

Pupi Zo suan leh Ciinuai vontawi ahi khemepuh sim leh zo,tuipi galkhat dongah,a kikhen zonghin laigui zom khat,puankhat zawng te ahihlam  mangngilh ding hilo hi.A kibat lohna neucik te sutlo zaw in,a kibatna te uh gawmkhawm  a,a minam leh a gam uh Zogam,Zolei zuun khawm diamdiam ding hizaw hi.Ngeina,Kampau leh laite kem in,zang in,zun khawm diamdiam thei leh Zogam a pallun semsem ding hi.

Hih i gelh Zo khangthu tung tawnin Zomite unau laizom i hih lam tel in,hong ki pumkhatsak semsem ding hi,ci-in ka lam en hi.Pasian in Zomite  thupha ahi dingin,hih lai a sim mi khempeuh,Thupha hongpia ta hen.Amen!

Et kak laibu te(Bibliography)

C.Thang Za Tuan."Zomi te Pusuah Cilna,Khanlawhna leh khantohna",Tedim BEHS No.1Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine,.eds.H.Gin  En Cin leh a dangdangte.Yangon:.MBC press,1999.

C.Thang Za Tuan(Prof.Ph.D)Advisor of ZBCM,Lecture hand out given in Tamu ZBCM Youth Conference,in May 2004.

Cin Za Nang,Cin Sian Pau Leh alawmte."Zomite Painna Thu",Sezang khua kum 100 cin Magazine,2004..

G.K.Dal."Ciimnuai Mi,Tedim Mi",Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine.eds.H.Gin En Cin leh a dangdangte,Yangon:MBC press,1999.

Hang Khan langh.Suangphei khua Hualnam Beh kipawlna Laibu.2008.

Khen Za Sian."I Pu I Pat' Sul",Tedim Sangpi No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine.eds.H.Gin En Cin leh a dangdang te,Yangon.MBC press,1999.

Ngulh Khaw Suan."Etlawm Mualkuam Zogam Nuam",Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine.eds.H.Gin En Cin leh a dangdang te,Yangon.MBC press,1999.

Ps Kham Do Nang."Zo Kahng Tangthu",21st Century Thanksgivings Magazine.eds.Cin Khen Mang.Yangon,Hebron Printing press,2008.

Tuan Khaw Kham.'Zomi tawh Kisai Theihhuai Thu tuamtuam",Tedin BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine,eds.H.Gin En Cin leh a dangdangte,Yangon:MBC press.1999.

Vum Lian Thang."Ciimnua Pan a Tedim Mite",Tedim BEHS No.1 Sangpi Golden Jubilee Magazine.eds.H.Gin En Cin leh a dangdangte.Yangon:MBC press,1999.

(Chin,Zomi leh Ciimnuai-mi)

Hih zong na en kawm le uh cin:http//:youtu.be/2orNHvCOEcU

Chin pen Sengam pna pusuak lo hi cih na za ding hi.Sente tung pan.


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